In the Name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Direct link of this artical
http://eholyquran.com/
In the Name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful


Blind faith is forbidden in Islam
(Quran: 17:36) “And follow not that of which you have not the knowledge …”

Almighty God tells us to listen and chose the best
(Quran: 39:18) “Those who listen to the word, then follow the best of it; those are they whom Allah has guided,
and those it is who are the men of understanding.”

Please read these pages and come up with your own conclusion

The Holy Quran and Layers of the Atmosphere:

(Quran: 067-003) He created the seven heavens (skies) in layers. You do not see any imperfection
in the creation by the Gracious. Turn your eyes again. Do you see any flaw?

There are two meanings of saba'a (seven in arabic)
1) It is used for the number "seven". (Mufridaat-ul-Quran).
2) It is also used in the meaning of "several" or "many" (lughat-ul-Quran).

Undisputed Facts:
Modern science tells us, the atmosphere consist of several layers
The Holy Quran refers to different layers (Seven layers) in the atmosphere
(Quran: 067-003)
At the time of Prophet, a subject so complex such as the different layers of our atmosphere
could not have been known. Especially by a man who did not know how to read or write.

The information below was gathered by me, Hassan Zamanzadeh from
Dictionaries, Wikipedia Encyclopedia, and Columbia Encyclopedia describing
the specific layers of the atmosphere.

I consider it an insult to my readers to try to influence them to perceive a subject as I see it.
I also am a strong follower of The Holy Quran, who follows the commands of Almighty God

(Quran: 005-077)
“Say: O People of the Scripture! Stress not in your religion other than the truth,
and follow not the vain desires of folk who erred of old and led many astray,
and erred from a plain road.”

Therefore, Exaggeration about religion is disobeying the clear command of Almighty God and it is considered a sin.

Having said that, I will display my research and simply let these materials and information and
the verse 3 of chapter 67 from the Holy Quran speaks for themselves.

1. Troposphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: American Heritage Dictionary
(trō'pə-sfîr', trŏp'ə-)
The lowest region of the atmosphere between the earth's surface and the tropopause,
characterized by decreasing temperature with increasing altitude.
tro'po·spher'ic (-sfîr'ĭk, -sfěr'-) adj.

Encyclopedia Defination - Source: Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere.
It is the densest layer of the atmosphere and contains approximately 75% of the mass of the atmosphere
and almost all the water vapor and aerosol. The troposphere extends from the Earth's surface up to the tropopause
where the stratosphere begins. The depth of the troposphere is greatest along the equator (about 20 km) and smallest
at the poles (about 7 km). The lower part, where friction on the Earth's surface influences with air flow,
is the planetary boundary layer or peplosphere which is 2 km deep on average, depending on the landform,
and which is separated from the rest of the troposphere by the capping inversion layer.

The word troposphere stems from the Greek "tropos" for "turning" or "mixing."
The troposphere is the most turbulent part of the atmosphere and is the part of the atmosphere in which most weather
phenomena are seen. Generally, jet aircraft fly just above the troposphere to avoid turbulence.


2. Stratosphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: Dictionary.com Unabridged
strat·o·sphere
–noun
1. the region of the upper atmosphere extending upward from the tropopause to about 30 miles (50 km) above the earth,
characterized by little vertical change in temperature.
2. (formerly) all of the earth's atmosphere lying outside the troposphere.
3. any great height or degree, as the highest point of a graded scale.

Encyclopedia Definition - Source: Columbia Encyclopedia

Stratosphere, second lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere.
The level from which it extends outward varies with latitude; it begins c.51/2 mi (9 km) above the poles,
c.6 or 7 mi (c.10 or 11 km) in the middle latitudes, and c.10 mi (16 km) at the equator,
and extends outward c.20 mi (32 km). It is a zone of dry, thin air, cold and clear, with a horizontal temperature gradient,
that, in its lower level, is the reverse of that near the earth's surface. In polar regions the temperature is -40°F;
to -50°F; (-40°C; to -46°C;), but near the equator it ranges from -80°F; to below -100°F; (-62°C; to below -74°C;);
in the middle latitudes it remains steady at about -67°F; (-55°C;). The stratified variations in temperature were deduced from
the behavior of sound waves transmitted through the atmosphere, which travel faster in warm air than in cold air.
Weather balloons carrying electronic equipment are launched to ascertain conditions in the stratosphere;
information on this atmospheric layer is also acquired from earth-orbiting satellites.

Within the stratosphere at altitudes of 12 to 30 mi (19-48 km) is the ozone layer.
Its capacity to intercept most of the sun's ultraviolet rays is fundamental to the maintenance of life on the earth.
Without this filtering effect, the sun's full radiation would destroy animal tissue, but sufficient ultraviolet radiation reaches
the earth to support the activation of vitamin D in humans. Elevated temperatures found in the ozone layer result from
its absorption of radiant energy.

Measurements of Antarctica's ozone layer have registered a consistent seasonal "hole," or thinning,
in the layer above the South Pole since 1985, and since then similar thinnings have been found over other areas of the world.
There is evidence that the ozone is being broken down by chlorine atoms that are released when sunlight breaks
up substances such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Montreal Protocol and its amendments now ban these substances
and have set time limits on the production of others that may also affect the ozone layer.

3. Ozone layer

Dictionary Definition - Source: The American Heritage Science Dictionary
A region of the upper atmosphere containing relatively high levels of ozone, located mostly within the stratosphere,
with the greatest concentrations occurring from about 15 to 30 km (10 to 19 mi) above the Earth's surface.
The ozone absorbs large amounts of solar ultraviolet radiation, preventing it from reaching the Earth's surface.
The concentration of ozone in the ozone layer is usually under 10 parts per million.
Also called Ozonosphere. o·zo·no·sphere// Pronunciation Key - Show Spelled Pronunciation

Encyclopedia Definition – Source: Columbia Encyclopedia

Ozone layer or ozonosphere, region of the stratosphere containing relatively high concentrations of ozone,
located at altitudes of 12-30 mi (19-48 km) above the earth's surface. Ozone in the ozone layer is formed by
the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen. The ozone layer prevents most ultraviolet (UV)
and other high-energy radiation from penetrating to the earth's surface but does allow through sufficient ultraviolet rays
to support the activation of vitamin D in humans. The full radiation, if unhindered by this filtering effect,
would destroy animal tissue. Higher levels of radiation resulting from the depletion of the ozone layer have been linked
with increases in skin cancers and cataracts and have been implicated in the decline of certain amphibian species.

In 1974 scientists warned that certain industrial chemicals, e.g., chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and to a lesser extent,
halons and carbon tetrachloride, could migrate to the stratosphere. There, sunlight could free the chlorine or
bromine atoms to form chlorine monoxide or other chemicals, which would deplete upper-atmospheric ozone.
A seasonal decrease, or "hole," discovered in 1985 in the ozone layer above Antarctica was
the first confirmation of a thinning of the layer. The hole occurs over Antarctica because the extreme cold helps
the very high clouds characteristic of that area form tiny ice particles of water and nitric acid, which facilitate
the chemical reactions involved. In addition, the polar winds, which follow a swirling pattern, create a confined vortex,
trapping the chemicals. When the Antarctic spring sun rises in August or September and hits the trapped chemicals,
a chain reaction begins in which chlorine, bromine (from the halons), and ice crystals react with the ozone
and destroy it very quickly. The effect usually lasts through November. There is a corresponding hole over
the Arctic that similarly appears in the spring, although in some years warmer winters there do not result in a major
depletion of the ozone layer. A global thinning of the ozone layer results as ozone-rich air from
the remaining ozone layer flows into the ozone-poor areas.

Minimum ozone levels in the Antarctic decreased steadily throughout the 1990s, and less dramatic decreases
have been found above other areas of the world. In 2000 (and again in 2003 and 2006) the hole reached a record size,
extending over more than 10.5 million sq mi (27 million sq km), an area greater than that of North America.
In 1987 an international agreement, the Montreal Protocol, was reached on reducing the production
of ozone-depleting compounds. Revisions in 1992 called for an end to the production of the worst
of such compounds by 1996, and CFC emissions dropped dramatically by 1993. Recovery of the ozone layer,
however, is expected to take 50 to 100 years. Damage to the ozone layer can also be caused by sulfuric acid
droplets produced by volcanic eruptions.

4. Mesosphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: American Heritage Dictionary
mes·o·sphere (měz'ə-sfîr', měs'-)
The portion of the atmosphere from about 30 to 80 kilometers (20 to 50 miles) above the earth's surface,
characterized by temperatures that decrease from 10°C to -90°C (50°F to -130°F) with increasing altitude.
mes'o·spher'ic (-sfîr'ĭk, -sfěr'-) adj.

Encyclopedia Defination - Source: Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The mesosphere (from the Greek words mesos = middle and sphaira = ball) is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere
that is directly above the stratosphere and directly below the thermosphere.
The mesosphere is located about 50-80/85km above Earth's surface. Within this layer,
temperature decreases with increasing altitude. The main dynamical features in this region are atmospheric tides,
internal atmospheric gravity waves (usually just called "gravity waves") and planetary waves. Most of these waves and
tides are excited in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, from where they propagate upwards to the mesosphere.
In the mesosphere, gravity-wave amplitudes can become so large that the waves dissipate,
depositing energy and momentum into the mesosphere. The momentum deposited by these dissipating gravity waves
largely drives the global circulation of the mesosphere.

Because it lies between the maximum altitude for most aircraft and the minimum altitude for most spacecraft,
for a long time this region of the atmosphere has only been accessed through the use of sounding rockets.
As a result the region is one of the most poorly understood in the atmosphere. This has led the mesosphere and
the lower thermosphere to be jokingly referred to by scientists as the ignorosphere

Temperatures in the upper mesosphere fall as low as -100°C (-146°F or 173 K) ,
varying according to latitude and season. Millions of meteors burn up daily in the mesosphere as a result of collisions
with the gas particles contained there, leading to a high concentration of iron and other metal atoms.
The collisions almost always create enough heat to burn the falling objects long before they reach the ground.

The stratosphere and mesosphere are referred to as the middle atmosphere.
The mesopause, at an altitude of about 80 km, separates the mesosphere from the thermosphere—
the second-outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere. This is also around the same altitude as the turbopause,
below which different chemical species are well mixed due to turbulent eddies.
Above this level the scale heights of different chemical species will differ. Noctilucent clouds are located in the mesosphere.


5. Thermosphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: The American Heritage Science Dictionary

(thûr'mə-sfîr')
The region of the Earth's upper atmosphere lying above the mesosphere and extending from a height of
approximately 80 km (50 mi) to between 550 and 700 km (341 and 434 mi) above the Earth's surface.
In the thermosphere temperatures increase steadily with altitude,
reaching as high as 1,727°C (3,140°F) at the highest elevations.
Chemical reactions occur much faster here than on the surface of the Earth.
See also exosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere.

Encyclopedia Definition – Source Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The thermosphere is the layer of the earth's atmosphere directly above the mesosphere and directly below the exosphere.
Within this layer, ultraviolet radiation causes ionization. (see also: ionosphere). It is the fourth atmospheric layer from earth.
The thermosphere, named from the Greek θερμός (thermos) for heat, begins about 80 km above the earth.
At these high altitudes, the residual atmospheric gases sort into strata according to molecular mass (see turbosphere).
Thermospheric temperatures increase with altitude due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation by the small amount
of residual oxygen still present. Temperatures are highly dependent on solar activity, and can rise to 2,000°C.
Radiation causes the air particles in this layer to become electrically charged (see ionosphere), enabling radio waves
to bounce off and be received beyond the horizon. At the exosphere, beginning at 500 to 1,000km above the earth's surface,
the atmosphere blends into space. The few particles of gas here can reach 2,500°C (4500°F) during the day.
Even though the temperature is so high, one would not feel warm in the thermosphere.
A normal thermometer would read significantly below 0°C. This is due to the distance between the few molecules that are present.

The dynamics of the lower thermosphere (below about 120 km) is dominated by atmospheric tide which is driven, in part,
by the very significant diurnal heating. The atmospheric tide dissipates above this level since molecular concentrations do not
support the coherent motion needed for fluid flow.

The International Space Station has a stable orbit within the upper part of the thermosphere, between 320 and 380 kilometers.
The Northern Lights also occur in the upper thermosphere.

6. Ionosphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: American Heritage Dictionary
i·on·o·sphere (ī-ŏn'ə-sfîr')
A region of the earth's atmosphere where ionization caused by incoming solar radiation affects
the transmission of radio waves. It extends from a height of 70 kilometers (43 miles) to 400 kilometers (250 miles)
above the surface.
i·on'o·spher'ic (-sfîr'ĭk, -sfěr'-) adj.

Encyclopedia Definition – Source: Columbia Encyclopedia

Ionosphere, series of concentric ionized layers forming part of the upper atmosphere of the earth from around
30 to 50 mi (50 to 80 km) to 250 to 370 mi (400 to 600 km) where it merges with the magnetosphere,
the region of the Van Allen radiation belts. The degree of ionization and the heights of the ionized layers fluctuate
on a daily and a seasonal basis and show latitudinal variations as well. Causes for other variations in characteristics
may include changes in the amount of ultraviolet radiation received from the sun and effects of the earth's magnetic field.
Ionization of nitrogen and oxygen molecules from X-rays and ultraviolet radiation from the sun produces a layer
of charged particles which allows radio waves to be reflected around the world. Such activity makes possible long-distance
wireless communication. The layers comprising the ionosphere are the D layer, E layer, and F layer (divided into F-1 and F-2).
The lower layers have the lowest concentration of charged particles and reflect low frequency waves.
The middle layers are called the Kennelly-Heaviside layers (named after Oliver Heaviside in England and A. E. Kennelly
in the United States who independently discovered the existence and effects of the ionosphere);
while the Appleton, or highest layer, has the highest concentration of charged particles due to the low density of gases.

7. Exosphere

Dictionary Definition - Source: The American Heritage Science Dictionary
(ěk'sō-sfîr')
The outermost region of the Earth's atmosphere, beginning at an altitude of approximately 550 km to 700 km (341 to 434 mi)
and merging with the interplanetary medium at around 10,000 km (6,200 mi).
The exosphere consists chiefly of ionized hydrogen, which creates the geocorona by reflecting far-ultraviolet light from the Sun.
On the remote edges of the exosphere, hydrogen atoms are so sparse that each cubic centimeter might contain only one atom;
furthermore, the pressure and gravity are weak enough that atoms in the exosphere can escape entirely and drift into space.
Artificial satellites generally orbit in this region.

Encyclopedia Definition – Source Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The exosphere is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere. On Earth, its lower boundary at the edge of
the thermosphere is estimated to be 500 km to 1000 km above the Earth's surface,
and its upper boundary at about 10,000 km. It is only from the exosphere that atmospheric gases, atoms,
and molecules can, to any appreciable extent, escape into space. The main gases within the exosphere are the lightest gases,
mainly hydrogen, with some helium, carbon dioxide, and atomic oxygen near the exobase.
The exosphere is the last layer before space. The atmosphere in this layer is sufficiently rarefied for satellites to orbit the Earth,
although they still receive some atmospheric drag. Exobase, also called the critical level, the lowest altitude of the exosphere,
is defined in one of two ways: The height above which there are negligible atomic collisions between the particles and
The height above which the constituent atoms are on purely ballistic trajectories.




So, what do you think?
Is this another miracle of The Holy Quran, or is it just a coincidence that over 14 centuries ago an uneducated man who could not even read or write; speaks about a subject so complex that today’s science is proving it to be an undisputed fact?
الله اکبر



O’ God thank you for the Holy Quran “This wonderful timeless miracle”
Please guide all of us to the straight path.
You (alone) we worship; You (alone) we ask for help.

Hassan Zamanzadeh
www.Quran-Farsi.net

Islam means “Submission to the will of God”

Dictionary Definition of Islam:
noun
A religion, founded by Muhammad, whose members worship the One God of Jews and Christians
(God is called Allah in Arabic) and follow the teachings of the Quran.

Islam means “Submission to the will of God”; adherents of Islam are called Muslims.
The fundamental belief of Islam is “There is only one God, and Muhammad is his prophet.”

Muslims are obliged to pray five times a day, to fast in the daytime during the holy month of Ramadan,
to abstain from pork and alcohol, and to make gifts to the poor. All of them are expected to make a pilgrimage to Mecca,
at least once in their lives if they are able.


(Quran – 005:032)
“…if any one kills a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he killed all mankind:
and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all mankind …”
According to this verse, anyone who kills an innocent person is not following the teachings of The Holy Quran - therefore is not walking in the path of Islam.

The article by Dr. Gilani “Do you know what Islam is about?” on this site is highly recommended for anyone who likes to learn about Islam.

Please feel free to contact me if you want more copies.
Of course, you are welcome to make copies from these pages and distribute them.

May Almighty God bless you,
Hassan Zamanzadeh
Los Angeles, California
QuranFarsi@yahoo.com
http://www.quran-farsi.net/